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L'image de Louis XV et Louis XVI, entre tradition et création : stratégies figuratives et inscription dans l'espace public 1715-1793
Thèse en Histoire mention Histoire religieuse, politique et culturelle soutenue le 30 novembre 2015.
Up to now, scholarly studies have shown less interest in the image of Louis XV and Louis XVI than in the one of their glorious ancestor, Louis XIV. This situation may have been encouraged by a historiography fostering the hypothesis of the desacralization of the monarchy in the 18th century. It would have led to a degradation of the royal image, with the monarchy being unable to face up to the growing influence of the public sphere. Yet, this dissertation tries to show that it precisely was because public opinion was taken into account that the royal image was redifined at the period. It appeared all the more necessary after the defeat in the Seven Years War. Soon afterwards, the representation of a simple and benevolent king, inspired by Stanislas Leszczynski, began to prevail and contributed much to the popularity of Louis XVI during his reign. Thus, the royal representation evolved and refered to new models. It also made good use of the democratization of multiple diffusion mediums enabling it to reach a larger public. Finally, the royal image could not be contemplated without paying attention to a major new actor: the press. It was used to promote the new royal iconography but it also precised its meaning and gave it some intellectual substance.
Mots-clés : Louis XV, Louis XVI, Image du roi, iconographie, presse, Stanislas Leszczynski, opinion publique
Keywords : Louis XV, Louis XVI, image of the King, iconography, press, Stanislas Leszczynski, public opinion
Membres du jury :
- Sylvie STEINBERG, HDR, Directrice d’Etudes, EHESS
- Edmond DZIEMBOWSKI, Professeur des universités, Université de Franche Comté
- Philippe BORDES, Professeur des universités, Université Lumière-Lyon II
- Anne-Marie MERCIER, Professeur des universités, Université de Lyon I
- Bernard HOURS, Professeur des universités, Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3
Président du jury : Anne-Marie MERCIER
Mention : Très honorable
Equipe d'accueil : LARHRA